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Objective@#To understand the status quo of school bullying among middle school students in Anhui Province and its correlation with family environment and education methods of students related to school bullying, so as to provide corresponding prevention and controlling measures against school bullying.@*Methods@#The investigation has been conducted on the occurrence of school bullying among middle school students ranging from junior grade one to senior grade three in Hefei, Wuhu, Fuyang of Anhui Province, during which up to 1 826 students information has been gathered through Questionnaire Atar Platform using the school bullying scale and self designed questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 statistical software has been applied for data analysis.@*Results@#The incidence of bullying was 41.40%, and among them, 14.46% were reported to bully others, 39.59% of them were of being bullied, and 12.65% of them were reported of bullying others and being bullied at the same time. Multivariate Logistic regression corrected model showed that quiet relationship with mother ( OR=1.76, 95%CI =1.22-2.53) was a risk factor for the bully, quiet relationship with father( OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.47-2.43 ), reorganized family ( OR=2.28, 95%CI =1.22-4.29) were the risk factors for the bullied, quiet/poor relationship between parents ( OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.06-2.17; OR=3.15, 95%CI =1.79-5.57) was a risk factor for the bully-bullied; Punishment and abuse( OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.90; OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.48-2.23; OR=1.47, 95%CI = 1.10- 1.96) were risk factors for the above three behaviors( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The incidence of school bullying is influenced by family environment and rearing style. In daily life, parents should be mindful of maintaining a good family relationship, fostering active communication with child, which can reduce the occurrence of school bullying.
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Objective:To evaluate the curative efficacy of a buttress plate combined with Kirschner wires for treatment of Regan-Morrey type Ⅱ coronoid fracture after elbow terrible triad injury.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 20 patients who had been surgically treated for Regan-Morrey type Ⅱ coronoid fracture after elbow terrible triad injury from August 2014 to August 2018 at Department of Pelvic Trauma, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital. They were 12 men and 8 women, aged from 18 to 60 years (average, 39 years), with 6 left and 14 right sides affected. All the coronoid fractures were fixated with Kirschner wires plus a buttress plate through the anterior approach, the radial head and lateral collateral ligaments (LCL) were repaired through the posterolateral approach, and the medial collateral ligament (MCL) was repaired or fixated with a hinged external fixator if necessary. The curative efficacy was evaluated at the last follow-up by range of motion (ROM) of the elbow, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Scale (ASES) and radiographs of the elbow. Complications were also recorded.Results:The mean follow-up time was 18 months (from 12 to 24 months) and the mean healing time 5 months. At the last follow-up, ROM in flexion and extension of the affected elbow joint averaged 132.5°, ROM in elbow pronation-supination 150°, MEPS 88, and ASES 87. No subluxation or dislocation occurred after elbow surgery. The fracture of coronoid process was slightly displaced in one case but eventually healed without affecting any elbow function; fat liquefaction occurred around the posterolateral incision in 2 cases but healed after debridement; traumatic arthritic changes occurred in 5 patients but no significant dysfunction of the elbow was observed.Conclusion:A buttress plate combined with Kirschner wires can lead to fine curative efficacy for Regan-Morrey type Ⅱ coronoid fracture after elbow terrible triad injury.
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Background@#Coracoacromial ligament transfer is the traditional procedure for treating chronic acromioclavicular separation, but it is significantly inferior to ligament reconstruction according to biomechanical and clinical studies. However, ligament reconstruction carries the risk of complications of graft loosening and peri-tunnel fractures. Currently, there is no ligament reconstruction procedure optimal for preventing such complications. The purpose of this study was to describe and retrospectively analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes of a “duo-figure-8” autogenic graft wrapping technique, which was used to concomitantly reconstruct the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. @*Methods@#Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and final follow-up oputcomes were evaluated in 10 enrolled patients. Radiographic outcomes were indicated by the bilateral difference of the coracoclavicular distance (CCD) and overlapping length of the acromioclavicular joint (OLac). Quality of reduction was classified into 4 grades according to bilateral CCD difference into overreduction ( 8 mm). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Constant scores. @*Results@#The mean side-to-side differences for CCD were 11.9 mm (preoperative), −0.1 mm (immediate postoperative), and 3.4 mm (final follow-up); those for OLac were 9.4 mm (preoperative) and 2.7 mm (final follow-up). CCD and OLac outcomes significantly improved at final follow-up (p < 0.05). At the immediate postoperative stage, 6 and 4 patients had overreduction and anatomic reduction, respectively. At final follow-up, 7 and 3 patients had anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction, respectively. The magnitude of improvement of ASES scores for patients with anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction (p = 0.20) was 18.1 and 20.0, respectively. The magnitude of improvement of Constant scores in patients with anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction (p = 0.25) was 19.9 and 22.3, respectively. @*Conclusions@#The technique yielded acceptable functional outcomes in patients with anatomic reduction or partial loss of reduction. The “duo-figure-8” wrapping method—a single autogenic tendon graft passing beneath the coracoid process with a tendonknot fixation over the distal clavicle and looping around the acromion intramedullary—did not increase the risk of peri-tunnel fractures over the clavicle, coracoid process, or acromion.
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Objective:To compare the curative effects between anatomic locking plate and common reconstruction plate in the treatment of acetabular posterior wall fracture.Methods:The 50 patients with acetabular posterior wall fracture were retrospectively analyzed who had been admitted to Department of Pelvic Trauma Surgery, Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province from February 2015 to February 2020. They were assigned into 2 groups according to different internal fixation methods. In the reconstruction plate group of 24 patients whose fractures were fixated by a common reconstruction plate from February 2015 to June 2017, there were 21 males and 3 females with an age of (38.9±10.9) years. In the anatomical plate group of 26 patients whose fractures were fixated by an anatomic locking plate between July 2017 and February 2020, there were 20 males and 6 females with an age of (38.0±10.0) years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, reduction quality, hip function and complications at the last follow-up.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating the 2 groups were comparable ( P>0.05). The 50 patients were followed up for 18 to 26 months (mean, 22 months). The operation time [(132.8±8.6) min] and intraoperative blood loss [(357.0±14.7) mL] in the anatomic plate group were significantly less than those [(177.2±5.9) min and (492.0±17.6) mL] in the reconstruction plate group( P<0.05). Postoperative CT examination showed that 96.2% (25/26) of the patients in the anatomical plate group and 91.7% (22/24) of the patients in the reconstruction plate group had a fracture step ≤3 mm, showing no significant difference ( P>0.05). At the last follow-up, the excellent and good rate by Harris hip score was 92.3% (24/26) in the anatomic plate group, significantly higher than that (66.7%, 16/24) in the reconstruction plate group ( P<0.05). The incidence of complications was 3.8% (1/26) in the anatomic plate group, significantly lower than that [29.2% (7/24)] in the reconstruction plate group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Anatomical locking plate is better than common reconstruction plate in the treatment of acetabular posterior wall fracture.
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Background@#Coracoacromial ligament transfer is the traditional procedure for treating chronic acromioclavicular separation, but it is significantly inferior to ligament reconstruction according to biomechanical and clinical studies. However, ligament reconstruction carries the risk of complications of graft loosening and peri-tunnel fractures. Currently, there is no ligament reconstruction procedure optimal for preventing such complications. The purpose of this study was to describe and retrospectively analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes of a “duo-figure-8” autogenic graft wrapping technique, which was used to concomitantly reconstruct the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. @*Methods@#Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and final follow-up oputcomes were evaluated in 10 enrolled patients. Radiographic outcomes were indicated by the bilateral difference of the coracoclavicular distance (CCD) and overlapping length of the acromioclavicular joint (OLac). Quality of reduction was classified into 4 grades according to bilateral CCD difference into overreduction ( 8 mm). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Constant scores. @*Results@#The mean side-to-side differences for CCD were 11.9 mm (preoperative), −0.1 mm (immediate postoperative), and 3.4 mm (final follow-up); those for OLac were 9.4 mm (preoperative) and 2.7 mm (final follow-up). CCD and OLac outcomes significantly improved at final follow-up (p < 0.05). At the immediate postoperative stage, 6 and 4 patients had overreduction and anatomic reduction, respectively. At final follow-up, 7 and 3 patients had anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction, respectively. The magnitude of improvement of ASES scores for patients with anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction (p = 0.20) was 18.1 and 20.0, respectively. The magnitude of improvement of Constant scores in patients with anatomic reduction and partial loss of reduction (p = 0.25) was 19.9 and 22.3, respectively. @*Conclusions@#The technique yielded acceptable functional outcomes in patients with anatomic reduction or partial loss of reduction. The “duo-figure-8” wrapping method—a single autogenic tendon graft passing beneath the coracoid process with a tendonknot fixation over the distal clavicle and looping around the acromion intramedullary—did not increase the risk of peri-tunnel fractures over the clavicle, coracoid process, or acromion.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a minimally invasive three-window incision and internal fixation with a novel anatomical locking plate in the treatment of calcaneal fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of the 46 patients with calcaneal fracture (Sanders typeⅡ and Ⅲ) who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province from February 2015 to May 2017. They were 22 males and 24 females, aged from 19 to 59 years (average, 39.0 years) and with 16 left and 30 right sides affected. They were all treated with a minimally invasive three-window incision and internal fixation with a novel anatomic locking plate. Their B?hler and Gissane angles, and height, width and length of the calcaneus were compared between preoperation, immediate postoperation and the last follow-up. Their ankle-hindfoot functions were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring scale at the last follow-up; their complications were recorded.Results:All the 46 patients were followed up immediately after operation and for 14 to 18 months (mean, 16 months). All the fractures achieved bony union after an average of 3 months (from 2 to 4 months). At immediate postoperation and at the last follow-up, their calcaneal B?hler angles (34.20°±3.62° and 34.05°±3.65°) and Gissane angles (131.45°±6.04° and 131.25°±5.88°), and calcaneal heights [(41.05±2.76) mm and (40.90±2.86) mm], widths [(25.65±1.53) mm and (25.55±1.64) mm] and lengths [(76.82±1.70) mm and (76.73±1.78) mm] were significantly improved compared with the preoperative values [10.55°±7.51°, 95.32°±12.16°, (26.10±4.54) mm, (37.71±3.42) mm and (65.91±2.10) mm] ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the above indexes between immediate postoperation and the last follow-up ( P>0.05). According to AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores at the last follow-up, the efficacy was evaluated as excellent in 28 cases, as good in 12 cases and as fair in 6 cases, yielding an excellent and good rate of 87.0%. No incision infection occurred after operation. Conclusion:In the treatment of calcaneal fractures of Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the minimally invasive three-window incision and internal fixation with the novel calcaneal anatomical locking plate can achieve satisfactory reduction and rigid fixation, effectively reducing postoperative incision complications.
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Objective To investigate the value of bedside lung ultrasound B-line score in the diagnosis of acute heart failure (AHF). Methods A retrospectively analysis was conducted. The adult patients presenting with acute dyspnea in intensive care unit (ICU) of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled. An 8-zone lung ultrasound was performed and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was tested in all patients. AHF was determined as the final diagnosis by two experienced ICU doctors according to the diagnostic criteria of AHF. Patients were divided into two groups: AHF group and non-AHF group. The levels of BNP and B-line score were compared between the two groups, and the diagnostic value of BNP and B-line score in AHF was evaluated. Results Fifty-six patients were included in this study, with 32 of men and 24 of women,and with an average age of 77.3±8.8. Thirty-six patients were diagnosed as AHF. The level of BNP and lung ultrasound B-line score in AHF group were higher than those in non-AHF group [BNP (ng/L): 1 640.4±1 078.4 vs. 236.9±124.9,B line score: 12.8±5.3 vs. 5.4±1.8, both 1 < 0.01]. There was a strong correlation between elevated BNP levels and an increased B-lines score (R2 = 0.712, 1 = 0.000). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that when the cut-off of lung ultrasound B-line score was 8.5, AHF could be discriminated from dyspnea caused by other diseases (sensitivity was 77.8%, specificity was 95%, positive likelihood ratio was 15.56, negative likelihood ratio was 0.23).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of lung ultrasound B-line score was 0.917 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) =0.847-0.987, 1 = 0.000], slightly lower than that of plasma BNP [0.979 (95%CI = 0.951-1.008)]. Conclusion Lung ultrasound B-line score was highly specific, but moderately sensitive for identifying patients with AHF.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety in the treatment of acetabular fractures via anterior approaches,including ilioinguinal,stoppa,pararectus approach.Methods Systematic literature retrieval was carried out to obtain two-arm and one-arm researches on the treatment of acetabular fractures via any one of the three approaches before May 2017,from pubmed,embase,cochrane library Databases.Data extraction and quality evaluation of studies were performed by 3 investigators independently.A meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 and Meta-Analyst beta 3.13.Results Totally 22 low to moderate quality studies,including 7 two-arm and 15 one-arm were included.There were 980 patients,including 581 in ilioinguinal approach group,264 in stoppa approach group and 135 in pararectus approach group.Meta-analysis showed the rate of anatomic reduction in stoppa approach was higher than that in ilioinguinal approach (OR=0.58,95％CI:0.36-0.94,P=0.03),which in pararectus approach was higher than that in ilioinguinal approach (0R=2.95,95％CI:1.22-7.10,P=0.02).Compared to the ilioinguinal approach,the operation time in the Stoppa approach was shorter (MD=48.01,95％CI:17.08-78.95,P=0.002),there was no statistically significant difference between pararectus approach and ilioinguinal approach.In addition,there were no statistically significant differences among three approaches in intra-operative blood loss,postoperative functional outcomes and complications.Conclusion The available limited evidence suggests that the rate of anatomical reduction in stoppa and pararectus approach may be higher than ilioinguinal approach.Compared to the ilioinguinal approach,the operation time in the stoppa approach may be shorter.In this field,further rigorous design,baseline parallel,direct comparison controlled studies on this topic are still needed.
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for survival and neuro-protection.Methods Databases such as Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase, Highwire, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang digital database were searched from January 2000 to March 2017 to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA. Thereafter, the studies retrieved were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and the quality of the included studies was evaluated. A Meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 4.3 software. Analysis of publication bias was depicted by funnel plot.Results Eight studies involving 3555 cases were included, among which 1804 cases were assigned to the treatment group and 1751 cases to the control group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with in-hospital therapeutic hypothermia, pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia did not improve the survival rate of patients with OHCA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =0.85-1.18,P = 0.99], and neurological outcome at hospital discharge (OR = 0.97, 95％CI = 0.80-1.16,P = 0.71), but the body temperature was significantly lowered at admission [weighted mean difference (SMD) = -0.88, 95％CI = -1.03 to-0.73,P < 0.00001]. The funnel plot suggested that there was no publication bias in the 8 studies. But due to the low number of studies, the publication bias could not be completely excluded.Conclusion Pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA can decrease temperature at hospital admission, but cannot increase the survival rate and neurological outcome at hospital discharge.
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for survival and neuro-protection.Methods Databases such as Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase, Highwire, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang digital database were searched from January 2000 to March 2017 to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA. Thereafter, the studies retrieved were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and the quality of the included studies was evaluated. A Meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 4.3 software. Analysis of publication bias was depicted by funnel plot.Results Eight studies involving 3555 cases were included, among which 1804 cases were assigned to the treatment group and 1751 cases to the control group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with in-hospital therapeutic hypothermia, pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia did not improve the survival rate of patients with OHCA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =0.85-1.18,P = 0.99], and neurological outcome at hospital discharge (OR = 0.97, 95％CI = 0.80-1.16,P = 0.71), but the body temperature was significantly lowered at admission [weighted mean difference (SMD) = -0.88, 95％CI = -1.03 to-0.73,P < 0.00001]. The funnel plot suggested that there was no publication bias in the 8 studies. But due to the low number of studies, the publication bias could not be completely excluded.Conclusion Pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA can decrease temperature at hospital admission, but cannot increase the survival rate and neurological outcome at hospital discharge.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the differentially expressed genes in human renal clear-cell carcinoma (RCC) cells using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), and to explore their biological function and underlying mechanism in RCC cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNAs were extracted from human renal clear-cell carcinoma cell line RLC-310 and human normal renal cell line HK-2 cells, and SSH technology was used to construct a RCC cell library of differential expression genes and to screen the most differentially expressed genes. RNA interference vector was constructed to silence the expression of the differentially expressed gene SIPL1 in human renal cell lines RLC-310 and GRC-1. Proliferation index was estimated by cell counting, MTT and tumor xenograft assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Drug resistance potential to adriamycin was assessed by MTT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A subtractive cDNA library of highly expressed genes in the RCC cells was constructed and 12 differentially expressed genes were screened from the subtractive library, in which SIPL1 was the most differently expressed gene in the RCC cell line. SIPL1 overexpression in the RCC cells and clinical samples was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The shRNA expression plasmid targeting to SIPL1 gene was constructed and transfected into RLC-310 and GRC-1 cells, resulting in downregulation of SIPL1. SIPL1 knockdown inhibited the cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and tumorgenesis. The tumor weights formed by RLC-310 cells transfected with SIPL1 shRNA was (0.22 ± 0.07)g and that of negative control vector was (0.85 ± 0.06)g. The tumor weight formed by GRC-1 cells was (0.32 ± 0.07)g and that of control vectors was (1.21 ± 0.11)g (P < 0.05). SIPL1 shRNA-transfected RLC-310 cells showed that more cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase [(71.13 ± 4.58)%] than that in the negative control RLC-310 cells [(53.27 ± 3.34)%, P < 0.05]. The proportion of G0/G1 phase in the SIPL1 shRNA transfected GRC-1 cells was (73.83 ± 3.97)%, significantly higher than that of (59.33 ± 3.03)% in the negative control GRC-1 cells (P < 0.05), and enhanced their sensitivity to adriamycin (P < 0.05). Silence of SIPL1 caused inactivation of AKT signaling and up-regulated expression of P27(Kip1) and P21(Cip1) proteins.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A differentially expressed gene SIPL1 in the renal clear-cell carcinoma is successfully screened using SSH technology. SIPL1 functions as an oncogene in RCC, and may become a novel molecular target for RCC diagnosis and therapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Metabolism , Pathology , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic , Pharmacology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , Carrier Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Cell Cycle , Cell Line , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 , Metabolism , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 , Metabolism , Doxorubicin , Pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Kidney , Cell Biology , Kidney Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Nude , Neoplasm Transplantation , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Metabolism , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger , Metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Transfection , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
Chromosomally encoded toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are thought to result in growth arrest and eventual cell death upon exposure to environmental stress in E. coli. In the chromosome of cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, the genetic organization of a 360 bp open reading frame (ORF), slr0664, and another small ORF of 256 bp, ssr1114, is similar to that of TA system. The predicted protein encoded by slr0664 is homologous to RelE, but neither homologue of ssr1114 nor ssr1114-encoding protein was found in TA system. To see whether slr0664 encodes a toxin protein, ssr1114 encodes an antitoxin, an expressing plasmid containing promoter Plac and PBAD, was constructed. In this construct, Both slr0664 and ssr1114 were controlled by Plac and PBAD, respectively. Expression of slr0664 in Escherichia coli results in the inhi-bition of bacterial growth, the expression of ssr1114 neutralize the toxicity of slr0664 expression. These re-sults show that slr0664 is toxin gene and ssr1114 is antitoxin gene, both ssr1114 and slr0664 constitute achromosomal TA system in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803.
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This paper discussed the application of designing experiments from scientific research in Micro-biology courses and its effects on the teachers and students. The problems of the application of designing experiments in Microbiology courses were analyzed. The practice of the teaching reform showed that it give great advantages for the undergraduates with the enhancement of their ability on theory application and sci-entific innovation. This teaching reform could be widely popularized.